1195 – Battle at Alarcos: Almohads led by Abu Yusuf Yaqub al-Mansur defeats army of Alfonso VIII of Castile
1544 – Italian War of 1542: The Siege of Boulogne begins
1922 – American swimmer Johnny Weissmuller first to break 1 minute barrier for 100m freestyle; swims 58.6s at Alameda, CA
1944 – 1,200+ 8th US Air Force bombers bomb targets in SW Germany
1944 – NY archbishop Spellman flies to Europe
1950 – NY Yankees sign their 1st Black players, Elston Howard and Frank Baines
1955 – Balclutha ties up at Pier 43 and becomes a floating museum
1980 – XXII Summer Olympic Games open in Moscow, Russia; led by United States, 66 nations boycott event because of Soviet-Afghan war
1981 – British Open Men’s Golf, Royal St George’s GC: American Bill Rogers wins his only major title, 4 strokes ahead of runner-up Bernhard Langer of Germany
1995 – Teen comedy film “Clueless” is released, loosely based on Jane Austen’s book “Emma” starring Alicia Silverstone, directed by Amy Heckerling
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